The Unmatched Performance of 2-Phase Immersion Cooling

Liquid Cooling for Hyperscale, Edge, High Performance Computing, and Cryptocurrency Mining

2-Phase Immersion Cooling Explained

2-phase immersion cooling works by submerging compute equipment in dielectric liquid. The compute equipment heat transfer causes the fluid to boil and turn into vapor. That’s what makes it two-phase. The vapor then rises and condenses on a heat exchanger. There, it cools, returns to a liquid state and drips back into the tank. The process repeats in a passive cycle, without pumps or mechanical equipment, except for a small pump that circulates the fluid through a filter.

  • Electronics are completely immersed in dielectric (non-conductive) fluid with no need for bulky heat sinks or fans
  • Chip temperatures rise until the fluid boils
  • Phase 1 of heat transfer occurs as the hot vapor rises
  • Phase 2 occurs as the vapor condenses on a specialized coil
  • Condensed fluid falls back into the tank as droplets, beginning the cycle again
  • The phase change of boiling leads to automatic convection and higher heat rejection capacity
  • The cooling process is entirely passive, with no pumps or moving parts required to reject IT heat

The Passive 2-Phase Immersion Cooling Cycle

How Cooling Methods Differ

Practical for high-powered chips or racksLow TCO, no duplicate cooling infrastructureEasy and fast maintenance of IT equipmentFuture-proof
(not tied to IT equipment)
No fire hazard or mess from oil
Air Cooling
Direct Liquid Cooling (Cold Plate/Chip)
Oil-Based 1-Phase Immersion Cooling
IT-Chassis Immersion Cooling
Tank-Based
2-Phase
Immersion Cooling

Stay in the know!

Sign up to get notified about the latest LiquidStack news, resources and events.